Logging

The Supabase Platform includes a Logs Explorer that allows log tracing and debugging. Log retention is based on your project's pricing plan.

Product logs#

Supabase provides a logging interface specific to each product. You can use simple regular expressions for keywords and patterns to search log event messages. You can also export and download the log events matching your query as a spreadsheet.

Working with API logs#

API logs run through the Cloudflare edge servers and will have attached Cloudflare metadata under the metadata.request.cf.* fields.

Allowed headers#

A strict list of request and response headers are permitted in the API logs. Request and response headers will still be received by the server(s) and client(s), but will not be attached to the API logs generated.

Request headers:

• accept
• cf-connecting-ip
• cf-ipcountry
• host
• user-agent
• x-forwarded-proto
• referer
• content-length
• x-real-ip
• x-client-info
• x-forwarded-user-agent
• range
• prefer

Response headers:

• cf-cache-status
• cf-ray
• content-location
• content-range
• content-type
• content-length
• date
• transfer-encoding
• x-kong-proxy-latency
• x-kong-upstream-latency
• sb-gateway-mode
• sb-gateway-version

Additional request metadata#

To attach additional metadata to a request, it is recommended to use the User-Agent header for purposes such as device or version identification.

For example:

Logging Postgres queries#

To enable query logs for other categories of statements:

1. Enable the pgAudit extension.
2. Restart your project using the Fast database reboot option.
3. Configure pgaudit.log (see below). Perform a fast reboot if needed.
4. View your query logs under Logs > Postgres Logs.

Configuring pgaudit.log#

The stored value under pgaudit.log determines the classes of statements that are logged by pgAudit extension. Refer to the pgAudit documentation for the full list of values.

To enable logging for function calls/do blocks, writes, and DDL statements for a single session, execute the following within the session:

To permanently set a logging configuration (beyond a single session), execute the following, then perform a fast reboot:

To help with debugging, we recommend adjusting the log scope to only relevant statements as having too wide of a scope would result in a lot of noise in your Postgres logs.

Note that in the above example, the role is set to postgres. To log user-traffic flowing through the HTTP APIs powered by PostgREST, set your configuration values for the authenticator.

By default, the log level will be set to log. To view other levels, run the following:

Note that as per the pgAudit log_level documentation, error, fatal, and panic are not allowed.

To reset system-wide settings, execute the following, then perform a fast reboot:

Logging realtime connections#

Realtime doesn't log new WebSocket connections or Channel joins by default. Enable connection logging per client by including an info log_level parameter when instantiating the Supabase client.

Logs Explorer#

The Logs Explorer exposes logs from each part of the Supabase stack as a separate table that can be queried and joined using SQL.

You can access the following logs from the Sources drop-down:

• auth_logs: GoTrue server logs, containing authentication/authorization activity.
• edge_logs: Edge network logs, containing request and response metadata retrieved from Cloudflare.
• function_edge_logs: Edge network logs for only edge functions, containing network requests and response metadata for each execution.
• function_logs: Function internal logs, containing any console logging from within the edge function.
• postgres_logs: Postgres database logs, containing statements executed by connected applications.
• realtime_logs: Realtime server logs, containing client connection information.
• storage_logs: Storage server logs, containing object upload and retrieval information.

Querying with the Logs Explorer#

The Logs Explorer uses BigQuery and supports all available SQL functions and operators.

Timestamp display and behavior#

Each log entry is stored with a timestamp as a TIMESTAMP data type. Use the appropriate timestamp function to utilize the timestamp field in a query.

Raw top-level timestamp values are rendered as unix microsecond. To render the timestamps in a human-readable format, use the DATETIME() function to convert the unix timestamp display into an ISO-8601 timestamp.

Unnesting arrays#

Each log event stores metadata an array of objects with multiple levels, and can be seen by selecting single log events in the Logs Explorer. To query arrays, use unnest() on each array field and add it to the query as a join. This allows you to reference the nested objects with an alias and select their individual fields.

For example, to query the edge logs without any joins:

The resulting metadata key is rendered as an array of objects in the Logs Explorer. In the following diagram, each box represents a nested array of objects:

Perform a cross join unnest() to work with the keys nested in the metadata key.

To query for a nested value, add a join for each array level:

This surfaces the following columns available for selection:

This allows you to select the method and cf_ipcountry columns. In JS dot notation, the full paths for each selected column are:

• metadata[].request[].method
• metadata[].request[].headers[].cf_ipcountry

LIMIT and result row limitations#

The Logs Explorer has a maximum of 1000 rows per run. Use LIMIT to optimize your queries by reducing the number of rows returned further.

Best practices#

1. Include a filter over timestamp

Querying your entire log history might seem appealing. For Enterprise customers that have a large retention range, you run the risk of timeouts due additional time required to scan the larger dataset.

2. Avoid selecting large nested objects. Select individual values instead.

When querying large objects, the columnar storage engine selects each column associated with each nested key, resulting in a large number of columns being selected. This inadvertently impacts the query speed and may result in timeouts or memory errors, especially for projects with a lot of logs.

Instead, select only the values required.

Examples and templates#

The Logs Explorer includes Templates (available in the Templates tab or the dropdown in the Query tab) to help you get started.

For example, you can enter the following query in the SQL Editor to retrieve each user's IP address:

Logs field reference#

Refer to the full field reference for each available source below. Do note that in order to access each nested key, you would need to perform the necessary unnesting joins